Official NEET (UG) 2026 Syllabus - Complete Subject-wise Breakdown

The syllabus for NEET (UG) 2026 has been aligned with the rationalized NCERT textbooks. Below is the detailed, subject-wise breakdown of every topic you need to study for Physics, Chemistry, and Biology.

Physics Syllabus

• UNIT 1: PHYSICS AND MEASUREMENT
  Units of measurements, System of Units, S I Units, fundamental and derived units, least count, significant figures, Errors in measurements, Dimensions of Physics quantities, dimensional analysis, and its applications.
• UNIT 2: KINEMATICS
  The frame of reference, motion in a straight line, Position-time graph, speed and velocity; Uniform and non-uniform motion, average speed and instantaneous velocity, uniformly accelerated motion, velocity-time, position-time graph, relations for uniformly accelerated motion, Scalars and Vectors, Vector. Addition and subtraction, scalar and vector products, Unit Vector, Resolution of a Vector. Relative Velocity, Motion in a plane, Projectile Motion, Uniform Circular Motion.
• UNIT 3: LAWS OF MOTION
  Force and inertia, Newton’s First law of motion; Momentum, Newton’s Second Law of motion, Impulses; Newton’s Third Law of motion. Law of conservation of linear momentum and its applications. Equilibrium of concurrent forces. Static and Kinetic friction, laws of friction, rolling friction. Dynamics of uniform circular motion: centripetal force and its applications: vehicle on a level circular road, vehicle on a banked road.
• UNIT 4: WORK, ENERGY, AND POWER
  Work done by a constant force and a variable force; kinetic and potential energies, work-energy theorem, power. The potential energy of spring conservation of mechanical energy, conservative and non-conservative forces; motion in a vertical circle: Elastic and inelastic collisions in one and two dimensions.
• UNIT 5: ROTATIONAL MOTION
  Centre of the mass of a two-particle system, Centre of the mass of a rigid body; Basic concepts of rotational motion; moment of a force; torque, angular momentum, conservation of angular momentum and its applications. The moment of inertia, the radius of gyration, values of moments of inertia for simple geometrical objects, parallel and perpendicular axes theorems, and their applications. Equilibrium of rigid bodies, rigid body rotation and equations of rotational motion, comparison of linear and rotational motions.
• UNIT 6: GRAVITATION
  The universal law of gravitation. Acceleration due to gravity and its variation with altitude and depth. Kepler’s law of planetary motion. Gravitational potential energy; gravitational potential. Escape velocity, Motion of a satellite, orbital velocity, time period and energy of satellite.
• UNIT 7: PROPERTIES OF SOLIDS AND LIQUIDS
  Elastic behaviour, Stress-strain relationship, Hooke's Law. Young's modulus, bulk modulus, modulus of rigidity. Pressure due to a fluid column; Pascal's law and its applications. Effect of gravity on fluid pressure. Viscosity. Stokes' law. terminal velocity, streamline, and turbulent flow. critical velocity. Bernoulli's principle and its applications. Surface energy and surface tension, angle of contact, excess of pressure across a curved surface, application of surface tension - drops, bubbles, and capillary rise. Heat, temperature, thermal expansion; specific heat capacity, calorimetry; change of state, latent heat. Heat transfer- conduction, convection, and radiation.
• UNIT 8: THERMODYNAMICS
  Thermal equilibrium, zeroth law of thermodynamics, the concept of temperature. Heat, work, and internal energy. The first law of thermodynamics, isothermal and adiabatic processes. The second law of thermodynamics: reversible and irreversible processes.
• UNIT 9: KINETIC THEORY OF GASES
  Equation of state of a perfect gas, work done on compressing a gas, Kinetic theory of gases - assumptions, the concept of pressure. Kinetic interpretation of temperature: RMS speed of gas molecules: Degrees of freedom. Law of equipartition of energy and applications to specific heat capacities of gases; Mean free path. Avogadro's number.
• UNIT 10: OSCILLATIONS AND WAVES
  Oscillations and periodic motion – time period, frequency, displacement as a function of time. Periodic functions. Simple harmonic motion (S.H.M.) and its equation; phase: oscillations of a spring -restoring force and force constant: energy in S.H.M. - Kinetic and potential energies; Simple pendulum - derivation of expression for its time period. Wave motion. Longitudinal and transverse waves, speed of travelling wave. Displacement relation for a progressive wave. Principle of superposition of waves, reflection of waves. Standing waves in strings and organ pipes, fundamental mode and harmonics. Beats.
• UNIT 11: ELECTROSTATICS
  Electric charges: Conservation of charge. Coulomb's law forces between two point charges, forces between multiple charges: superposition principle and continuous charge distribution. Electric field: Electric field due to a point charge, Electric field lines. Electric dipole, Electric field due to a dipole. Torque on a dipole in a uniform electric field. Electric flux. Gauss's law and its applications. Electric potential, Equipotential surfaces. Conductors and insulators. Dielectrics and electric polarization, capacitors and capacitances.
• UNIT 12: CURRENT ELECTRICITY
  Electric current. Drift velocity, mobility and their relation with electric current. Ohm's law. Electrical resistance. V-l characteristics of Ohmic and non-ohmic conductors. Electrical energy and power. Electrical resistivity and conductivity. Series and parallel combinations of resistors; Temperature dependence of resistance. Internal resistance, potential difference and emf of a cell. Kirchhoff’s laws and their applications. Wheatstone bridge. Metre Bridge.
• UNIT 13: MAGNETIC EFFECTS OF CURRENT AND MAGNETISM
  Biot - Savart law and its application. Ampere's law. Force on a moving charge in uniform magnetic and electric fields. Force on a current-carrying conductor. Torque experienced by a current loop. Moving coil galvanometer. Current loop as a magnetic dipole. Bar magnet as an equivalent solenoid, magnetic field lines; Para-, dia- and ferromagnetic substances.
• UNIT 14: ELECTROMAGNETIC INDUCTION AND ALTERNATING CURRENTS
  Electromagnetic induction: Faraday's law. Induced emf and current: Lenz’s Law, Eddy currents. Self and mutual inductance. Alternating currents, peak and RMS value of alternating current/voltage: reactance and impedance: LCR series circuit, resonance: power in AC circuits, wattless current. AC generator and transformer.
• UNIT 15: ELECTROMAGNETIC WAVES
  Displacement current. Electromagnetic waves and their characteristics, Transverse nature of electromagnetic waves, Electromagnetic spectrum (radio waves, microwaves, infrared, visible, ultraviolet, X-rays, Gamma rays), Applications of e.m. waves.
• UNIT 16: OPTICS
  Reflection of light, spherical mirrors, mirror formula. Refraction of light, thin lens formula. Total internal reflection and applications. Magnification. Power of a Lens. Refraction through a prism. Microscope and Astronomical Telescope. Wave optics: wavefront and Huygens' principle. Interference, Young's double-slit experiment. Diffraction due to a single slit. Polarization, Brewster's law.
• UNIT 17: DUAL NATURE OF MATTER AND RADIATION
  Dual nature of radiation. Photoelectric effect. Hertz and Lenard's observations; Einstein's photoelectric equation: particle nature of light. Matter waves-wave nature of particle, de Broglie relation.
• UNIT 18: ATOMS AND NUCLEI
  Alpha-particle scattering experiment; Rutherford's model of atom; Bohr model, energy levels, hydrogen spectrum. Composition and size of nucleus, atomic masses, Mass-energy relation, mass defect; binding energy per nucleon, nuclear fission, and fusion.
• UNIT 19: ELECTRONIC DEVICES
  Semiconductors; semiconductor diode: I-V characteristics in forward and reverse bias; diode as a rectifier; I-V characteristics of LED, photodiode, solar cell, and Zener diode; Zener diode as a voltage regulator. Logic gates (OR, AND, NOT, NAND and NOR).
• UNIT 20: EXPERIMENTAL SKILLS
  Familiarity with the basic approach and observations of the experiments and activities like Vernier calipers, Screw gauge, Simple Pendulum, Metre Scale, Young's modulus, Surface tension, Viscosity, Speed of sound, Specific heat capacity, Resistivity, Focal length of mirrors/lenses, Prism deviation, Refractive index, and Diode characteristics.

Chemistry Syllabus

Physical Chemistry

• UNIT 1: SOME BASIC CONCEPTS IN CHEMISTRY
  Matter and its nature, Dalton's atomic theory, Laws of chemical combination; Atomic and molecular masses, mole concept, molar mass, percentage composition, empirical and molecular formulae: Chemical equations and stoichiometry.
• UNIT 2: ATOMIC STRUCTURE
  Nature of electromagnetic radiation, photoelectric effect; Spectrum of the hydrogen atom. Bohr model. Dual nature of matter, de Broglie's relationship. Heisenberg uncertainty principle. Quantum mechanical model, atomic orbitals, quantum numbers, shapes of s, p, and d orbitals. Aufbau principle, Pauli's exclusion principle and Hund's rule.
• UNIT 3: CHEMICAL BONDING AND MOLECULAR STRUCTURE
  Kossel-Lewis approach, ionic and covalent bonds. Ionic Bonding: lattice enthalpy. Covalent Bonding: electronegativity, Fajan’s rule, dipole moment, VSEPR theory. Valence bond theory, hybridization, Resonance. Molecular Orbital Theory (LCAOs, sigma/pi-bonds, bond order). Hydrogen bonding.
• UNIT 4: CHEMICAL THERMODYNAMICS
  System and surroundings, extensive/intensive properties. First law of thermodynamics, enthalpy, Hess’s law. Second law of thermodynamics: Spontaneity, Gibbs energy change and equilibrium constant.
• UNIT 5: SOLUTIONS
  Concentration of solution (molality, molarity, mole fraction). Raoult's Law. Colligative properties: lowering of vapour pressure, depression of freezing point, elevation of boiling point, osmotic pressure. Abnormal molar mass, van’t Hoff factor.
• UNIT 6: EQUILIBRIUM
  Dynamic equilibrium. Equilibria involving physical and chemical processes. Law of chemical equilibrium (Kp and Kc), Le Chatelier’s principle. Ionic equilibrium: Weak and strong electrolytes, Arrhenius, Bronsted-Lowry and Lewis concepts, pH scale, common ion effect, hydrolysis of salts, solubility products, buffer solutions.
• UNIT 7: REDOX REACTIONS AND ELECTROCHEMISTRY
  Oxidation and reduction, oxidation number, balancing redox reactions. Electrolytic and metallic conduction, Kohlrausch’s law. Electrochemical cells (Electrolytic and Galvanic), electrode potentials, Nernst equation. Dry cell, lead accumulator, Fuel cells.
• UNIT 8: CHEMICAL KINETICS
  Rate of a chemical reaction, factors affecting rate, order and molecularity, rate law, rate constant, half-lives for zero and first-order reactions. Arrhenius theory, activation energy, collision theory.

Inorganic Chemistry

• UNIT 9: CLASSIFICATION OF ELEMENTS
  Modern periodic law, s, p, d and f block elements, periodic trends (atomic radii, ionization enthalpy, electron gain enthalpy, valence).
• UNIT 10: P-BLOCK ELEMENTS
  Group 13 to 18 Elements: Electronic configuration, general trends in physical and chemical properties.
• UNIT 11: d- AND f- BLOCK ELEMENTS
  Transition Elements: Properties of first-row transition elements (colour, magnetic properties, catalytic behaviour). Preparation of K2Cr2O7, and KMnO4. Inner Transition Elements: Lanthanoids and Actinoids.
• UNIT 12: CO-ORDINATION COMPOUNDS
  Werner's theory, ligands, coordination number, IUPAC nomenclature, isomerism. Valence bond approach and Crystal field theory. Importance of co-ordination compounds.

Organic Chemistry

• UNIT 13: PURIFICATION AND CHARACTERISATION
  Crystallization, sublimation, distillation, chromatography. Qualitative analysis (N, S, P, Halogens). Quantitative analysis (C, H, N, Halogens).
• UNIT 14: BASIC PRINCIPLES OF ORGANIC CHEMISTRY
  Tetravalency of carbon, functional groups, Isomerism. IUPAC Nomenclature. Covalent bond fission (free radicals, carbocations, carbanions). Electronic displacement (Inductive effect, resonance, hyperconjugation).
• UNIT 15: HYDROCARBONS
  Alkanes (Conformations). Alkenes (Geometrical isomerism, Markownikoffs rule, Ozonolysis). Alkynes (Acidic character). Aromatic hydrocarbons (Benzene, aromaticity, electrophilic substitution, Friedel-Craft's).
• UNIT 16: COMPOUNDS CONTAINING HALOGENS
  General methods of preparation, properties, C-X bond, Mechanisms of substitution reactions. Uses and environmental effects.
• UNIT 17: COMPOUNDS CONTAINING OXYGEN
  Alcohols, Phenols, and Ethers. Aldehydes and Ketones (Nucleophilic addition, Grignard reagent, oxidation/reduction, aldol condensation, Cannizzaro reaction). Carboxylic Acids.
• UNIT 18: COMPOUNDS CONTAINING NITROGEN
  Amines (Nomenclature, basic character). Diazonium Salts and their importance in synthetic chemistry.
• UNIT 19: BIOMOLECULES
  Carbohydrates (aldoses, ketoses, monosaccharides). Proteins (amino acids, peptide bonds, primary to quaternary structures, enzymes). Vitamins. Nucleic Acids (DNA and RNA). Hormones.
• UNIT 20: PRACTICAL CHEMISTRY PRINCIPLES
  Detection of extra elements and functional groups. Chemistry involved in preparation of inorganic/organic compounds and titrimetric exercises.

Biology Syllabus

• UNIT 1: DIVERSITY IN LIVING WORLD
  What is living? Biodiversity, Taxonomy, Binomial nomenclature. Five kingdom classification (Monera, Protista, Fungi, Lichens, Viruses). Classification of plants (Algae, Bryophytes, Pteridophytes, Gymnosperms) and animals (non-chordates and chordates).
• UNIT 2: STRUCTURAL ORGANISATION IN ANIMALS AND PLANTS
  Morphology and modifications; Tissues; Anatomy and functions of flowering plants (Root, stem, leaf, inflorescence, flower, fruit). Animal tissues; Morphology, anatomy of a Frog.
• UNIT 3: CELL STRUCTURE AND FUNCTION
  Cell theory, Prokaryotic/eukaryotic cells. Cell organelles (ER, Golgi, lysosomes, mitochondria, ribosomes, plastids, nucleus). Biomolecules (proteins, carbohydrates, lipids, nucleic acids, enzymes). Cell cycle, mitosis, meiosis.
• UNIT 4: PLANT PHYSIOLOGY
  Photosynthesis (Photochemical phases, C3/C4 pathways, Photorespiration). Respiration (glycolysis, TCA cycle, ETS, Amphibolic pathways). Plant growth and development (Growth regulators: auxin, gibberellin, cytokinin, ethylene, ABA).
• UNIT 5: HUMAN PHYSIOLOGY
  Breathing and Respiration (Mechanism, volumes, disorders). Body fluids and circulation (Blood groups, cardiac cycle, ECG). Excretory products (Urine formation, osmoregulation, dialysis). Locomotion and Movement (Skeletal muscle, joints, disorders). Neural control (CNS, PNS, nerve impulse). Chemical coordination (Endocrine glands, hormones).
• UNIT 6: REPRODUCTION
  Sexual reproduction in flowering plants (Pollination, double fertilization, endosperm, seed/fruit). Human Reproduction (Male/female systems, spermatogenesis, oogenesis, menstrual cycle, pregnancy). Reproductive health (Contraception, MTP, STDs, ART/IVF).
• UNIT 7: GENETICS AND EVOLUTION
  Mendelian Inheritance (Deviations, blood groups, Pleiotropy). Chromosome theory, Sex determination, Linkage, Genetic/chromosomal disorders. Molecular basis of Inheritance (DNA structure, replication, transcription, translation, Lac Operon, DNA fingerprinting). Evolution (Origin of life, Darwin, Natural Selection, Hardy-Weinberg, Human evolution).
• UNIT 8: BIOLOGY AND HUMAN WELFARE
  Health and Disease (Pathogens: Malaria, Typhoid, Dengue, HIV/AIDS, Cancer, Immunity). Drug and alcohol abuse. Microbes in human welfare (Industrial production, sewage treatment, biocontrol).
• UNIT 9: BIOTECHNOLOGY AND ITS APPLICATIONS
  Principles and process of Biotechnology (Recombinant DNA technology). Application in health and agriculture (Human insulin, gene therapy, Bt crops, Transgenic animals).
• UNIT 10: ECOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENT
  Organisms and environment (Population interactions, attributes). Ecosystem (Patterns, energy flow, Pyramids). Biodiversity and its conservation (Hotspots, Red Data Book, National parks, Sanctuaries).